Open/Close principle

Open/Close.

This principle is well known in the internal martial arts. What can it mean for Aikido practice? Open and close can be seen in a few different scenario's.
From my point of view there's an excercise which embodies the principle of open/close in a manner which can be practiced. This implies that this specific excercise can be used as a template for all Aikido movement. The excercise I'm referring to is called gyaku hanmi kokyu nage. Sometimes called sokomen irimi nage.
It's an excercise which Yamashima sensei frequently and during a longer period of time shows at his seminars.


The next clip will show a few examples which use the principle of open/close. This case morote dori is used as attack form.

First there's the invitation of uke by turning the spine around a vertical axis. This is opening. The return of this rotation is the closing aspect. Hand and arm movements are combined with this movement.

Next it is evident that it's a kokyu nage technique. Open and close refers to the subtle control of the breath. Opening through breathing in, closing while breathing out.

Finally you will notice no forced muscle power is used. This only will be possible when the muscles, tendons and fascia are to be used as a spring. To compress is closing, to release this compression is opening. So the "throw" is not a forced thing but rather a letting go of tension which has been build up by uke through nage.

When we split the movement into two separate subjects this is what's happening:

1. Open
Open - Spine turning
Open - Breathing in
Close - compression of body tissue

2. Close
Close - Spine turning towards uke
Close - Breathing out
Open - Releasing tension from previous compression

Obviously this is a simple explanation of a complex movement between two people. Prolonged practice will lead to understanding of this beautiful excercise. In the video above you will notice Yamashima sensei is experimenting with the moment of open and close. Timing and sensitivity are the most important skills to be practiced during this excercise.


" Don't use force, use mind". Tai chi saying.

Enjoy practice.

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